What is digital capture resolution?

4x enhanced resolution test chart

Digital capture resolution is the ability of an imaging device, such as a digital camera or scanner, to optically capture finely spaced detail.  This resolution is typically measured using a resolution test chart, taking into account the complete optical and digital system of the device. Note that resolution cannot be understood or evaluated according to just the number of addressable photo elements, or pixels, used to encode the images produced by the imaging device.